What is the Nicene Creed? Reflections on its 1700th Anniversary in 2025
What is the Nicene Creed? Reflections on its 1700th Anniversary in 2025
This year marks a remarkable milestone: 1700 years since bishops from across the Christian world gathered at Nicaea in AD 325. What they produced and what was later completed at the First Council of Constantinople in AD 381 has become the most widely embraced statement of Christian belief in history. Catholics, Orthodox, Baptists, Anglicans, Lutherans, Presbyterians and Methodists: all confess the same Trinitarian faith through the words of this ancient Creed.
When Emperor Constantine summoned church leaders to Nicaea, the issue at stake was nothing less than the identity of Jesus Christ. Arius, an influential teacher from Alexandria, had begun preaching that the Son of God was created, the highest of all creatures, yes, but still a creature. ‘There was when he was not’, Arius declared, suggesting a time before the Son existed.
For many bishops, this struck at the heart of the gospel itself. How could a created being save humanity? How could anyone less than fully God bridge the chasm between the divine and human? Scripture’s witness seemed clear: ‘In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God’ (John 1:1). Paul had written that Christ is ‘the image of the invisible God’ through whom ‘all things were created’ (Col. 1:15-16).
The Council’s response was unequivocal. They declared that the Son is homoousios, ‘of one substance’ with the Father. Not similar. Not almost the same, but identical in divine essence. The Creed captures this with majestic repetition: ‘God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made’. I love that sentence!
Critics sometimes suggest that the Creed relies on philosophical categories that are alien to the Bible. Yet every line reflects scriptural truth. The opening declaration of ‘one God, the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth’ echoes both Gen. 1:1 and Israel’s great confession in Deu. 6:4. The description of Christ as God’s ‘only begotten Son’ comes straight from John 3:16. Even the technical term homoousios, while not appearing in Scripture, expresses what Hebrews 1:3 means by calling Christ ‘the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of his being’.
The First Council of Constantinople in AD 381 expansion gave fuller attention to the Holy Spirit, confessing Him as ‘the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father’, language drawn from Jesus’s own words in John 15:26. With this, the Church had articulated its mature understanding of God as Trinity: one divine essence, three distinct persons, eternally coequal in glory.
Why the Creed Still Matters
Seventeen centuries later, the Nicene Creed remains indispensable. In an age of fragmentation, it represents the largest theological consensus in Christian history. When Orthodox believers in Moscow, Catholic parishioners in Manila, and Protestant congregations in the US and Canada speak these words, they confess the same faith. That is extraordinary!
The Creed also provides clarity in times of confusion. Today’s debates about God’s nature, Christ’s identity, and the meaning of salvation are not new. They are ancient questions the Church has already wrestled through. The Creed provides tested and reliable answers. When we recite it, we stand in continuity with ‘the faith once for all delivered to the saints’ (Jude 3). We remember that God Himself ‘came down from heaven’ and ‘was incarnate of the Virgin Mary’. We look ahead to ‘the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come’.
At 1700 years old, the Nicene Creed shows no signs of obsolescence. It continues doing what it has always done: pointing us toward the God who is Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, the God who, in Christ, came to save us.
The Nicene Creed
We believe in one God,
the Father, the Almighty,
maker of heaven and earth,
of all that is,
seen and unseen.
We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ,
the only Son of God,
eternally begotten of the Father,
God from God, Light from Light,
true God from true God,
begotten, not made,
of one Being with the Father;
through him all things were made.
For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven,
was incarnate from the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary
and was made man.
For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;
he suffered death and was buried.
On the third day he rose again
in accordance with the Scriptures;
he ascended into heaven
and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead,
and his kingdom will have no end.
We believe in the Holy Spirit,
the Lord, the giver of life,
who proceeds from the Father and the Son,
who with the Father and the Son is worshipped and glorified,
who has spoken through the prophets.
We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.
We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.
We look for the resurrection of the dead,
and the life of the world to come.
Amen.

